30 September 2014

Excerpts from My Kenya Journals: Mombasa and Old Friends

October 13, 1995


"Yesterday was a great day. Dropped off laundry, then wandered towards Biashara Street with a few people from our group. I just peeked around the corner at the Sahara Curio Shop and there sat Mohammed,sitting in the same place as always, looking just the same. He knew me immediately, as if it were 7 weeks or 7 days, not 7 years since we had enjoyed each other's company. A beautiful smile came over his face. It was so very good to see him still there. We sat and talked while he sent for sodas, just as he had done for me when I was living in Takaungu back in the Peace Corps days. He gave our friends wonderful deals on the curios in his shop. In the afternoon we returned with more people, and Mustafa was there instead, and he also knew us. He gave the group very good deals. When Mohammed returned we took sodas again. Kent gave Mohammed a copy of his book, and we gave him a few photos from our wedding. He was very happy, which made me very happy!

Gave the group the gift of a visit to Fort Jesus. It remains one of my favorite spot. A beautiful view of the Indian Ocean, and the best lime juice to be had anywhere...still! Later we strolled the streets of old town. Discovered that Athman Omar has just moved to Mombasa with his family. I hope we can connect. He was the curator of the magical Lamu Museum when I was leading trips with high school students. He assisted us with arranging special visits to local villages on the islands, and a great more. A lovely man.

View from Fort Jesus, Mombasa, Kenya


Mutua, one of the men who runs the desk here is helping me with my Kiswahili. Wish I had more time to study!

We ate samosas and bajia for a light lunch at the little place near the P.O. 

Kent can send his job application via Federal Express for around $30, and it will arrive in a couple of days-in plenty of time. Hooray for modern communications!"

"Modern communication". Who could have imagined at that time how the world would have changed today? I was discussing this with my nephew from Kenya recently, and explaining to him what the Peace Corps was like in 1982. We had to learn to make our own way, largely cut off from our friends and family, other than mail which arrived from the US once a week. I had to travel to Mombasa and book a phone call to the US at the Post Office. Sometimes I had to wait awhile. Sometimes the connection was poor. Sometimes the call was cut off. Today most people have cell phones, and coverage is very good, service is very inexpensive.


If you enjoy my journal excerpts, please consider donating to Rose's Wish
http://www.gofundme.com/Roses-Wish Here you can see the short video if you don't know the story,


29 September 2014

Excerpts from My Kenya Journals: Mzima Springs to Mombasa!

October 11, 1995


"Pre-breakfast game drive to Mzima Springs. Along the way were a striped hyena, red elephants, and much more. At Mzima Springs I hung out on my own for awhile with a baboon troop enjoying a leisurely morning in a sunny glen. Midst youthful tumbling and sleepy grooming was a presentation by a female in estrus to a large male who obliged by mounting her.
Baboons
A very young, very little male who had been most curious and forward towards me had his own little erection and a couple of females allowed him to mount them, though he had to stand on a boulder or on the backs of their hind legs to accomplish the deed. I practiced my best primate behavior and was well accepted. A lovely, peaceful morning.


Red Elephants in Tsavo

Off to Mombasa!!! Hot, humid, sultry, exotic Mombasa. We went to Recoda House on Nyeri Street for the famous sidewalk dinner. What a dinner! The mzee (elder man) brought out a huge array of Swahili dishes, all wonderful! Unfortunately a German couple sitting at the table with us shared a terrible experience at a private wazungu (white) ranch in Kilifi. They were robbed and hit over the head. They were most traumatized and regaled us with other horror stories they had heard. They certainly convinced everyone that they should fear for their lives. My poor group was very down when we returned to the New Palm hotel. We talked a little and had drinks. A big dose of culture shock arriving in old town Mombasa at night, right off safari, and then this tale of woe. I feel bad, but what do I say? I think in the morning things will seem a bit better, but I think the group will probably hang together after we leave. May be for the best. (at this point the group's safari with us was over, and we helped everyone figure out what to do with their last week)

Kent, R, and I sharing a room with a great fan at the New Palm!!!"

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25 September 2014

Excerpts from My Kenya Journals: From Amboseli to Tsavo

October 9, 1995


Saw the African Wildcat with her kittens in the tree next to our kitchen. Then game drives in Amboseli, showers at the lodge. 

October 10, 1995


Broke Camp and headed to Tsavo via Taveta. Beautiful country. Lots of Kikuyu buying farmland from Masai. James, our guide/driver took the wrong road and we ended up at a Tsavo gate only 17 kilometers from Taita Hills. Nowhere to go for lunch. A nearby hoteli brought us a table and sodas and bread. Sylvester broke out the Blue Band (canned margarine/shortening), tomatoes and pineapple. Hakuna tabu! (No problem!)

Finally got close to camp so we stopped at Mzima Springs, a favorite spot of mine. Saw the obligatory hippo and crocs, fish, eels, vervets and baboons. Also saw a darter, a giant kingfisher, so very beautiful. Watched him dive.



A magical night of amazing stars with the milky way sweeping across the sky. They faded as a big yellow moon topped the horizon. Late in the night...lions! They reminded us of their nearness several times, right up til morning. I am home.


23 September 2014

Excerpts From My Kenya Journals: From Elsamere to Mt. Kilimanjaro

October 8, 1995


Left Naivasha after dropping E at Elsamere - much developed now. Lunched at Wimpy's in Nairobi, just packed with Kenyan families. It was fun! The drive to Amboseli was not as bad as I expected. Very picturesque. Namanga (a border town with Tanzania) was wild and interesting. From there on a dirt washboard. Evening light. Gerenuk, fringe-eared oryx, ground squirrels, tall red termite mounds. To camp by the brightness of a full moon, with Mt. Kilimanjaro clear to us - a magical arrival. S. is an incredible cook. The tents are finally up. A night of exotic sounds. Hyenas all night, an african wildcat chattered affectionately to us as she rubbed along the outside of our tent.


The ever present warthog!


16 September 2014

Excerpts From My Kenya Journals: Crescent Island

October 6, 1995


We left Masai Mara for a long drive to Lake Naivasha. We arrived at Fishermen's Camp, upper level with the wonderful little bandas (huts). Critters galore: big spiders, tarantula, walking stick, scorpions, and so many birds! We had a slow morning (after a night of drums and singing nearby), then went to the Country Club to take a boat to Crescent Island (a peninsula actually which juts out into the lake). I bought cards and stamps at the lodge while we waited.

On the island Kent and I went for a walk on our own. We went directly across the island to hang out with a herd of giraffe we knew were frequently in that area. There were 3 little ones, several adults and a huge old male. They let us approach slowly, though made clear they preferred us to stay at the tree line, so we did. At one point a pair of shrikes and a pair of Superb starlings repeatedly attacked the large old male while he ate at their nesting tree. The giraffe was totally unconcerned. Later we walked toward the point, past sheep, horses, waterbuck, Thonmpson's gazelle, zebra, Grant's gazelles, flamingos, fish eagles, osprey, lilac-breasted rollers. A pair of bat eared foxes tried to melt flat onto the ground as we passed so as to go unnoticed, with their ears flat out parallel to the ground. A dung beetle had just finished making its dung ball, a couple inches in diameter, and hurried off pushing its prize. A pair of plovers dive-bombed us several times as we must have passed near their nest. A wonderful morning!

After lunch a Swedish couple on holiday from their solar project at Amboseli came over to give us their speech about what we and everyone else should do to correct the ills of the world. Foreign wazungu (white people) who know all the answers for Kenya. He in particular of the very worst ilk in my humble opinion. Good for the group to get a chance to hear that, material for discussion.

Thompson's Gazelle



Later to Lake Naivasha Country Club again for gin and tonics in the hot afternoon (barely more than the beer). Rude comments by some of the resident Club guests about American tourists.

02 September 2014

A Morning Break with Masai Cowboys!

October 5, 1995

"A tree frog in our shower last night. It was reddish brown, about 4" long. Exited out shower drain just as Kent was ready to take its picture.
Kent told the young Masai men a cowboy poem around the campfire. They loved it. One of them is reading the poetry in Kent's book.
Kent and I stayed in camp today instead of going on the game drive. I had so many mixed emotions yesterday as we drove off-road across the plains. We ended by joining several vans around one lioness.
We followed some vultures to see others in a tree, and then realized they were swarming on the ground. Over the plains we drove until we began to smell a strong musty scent. The vultures were swarming on a partially eaten eland. A jackal ran off as we approached. The vultures were in a feeding frenzy, pushing and biting and hissing and complaining in a most strange ritual. One lone Marabou stork hung around the outside and darted in every once in awhile. Suddenly all the vultures turned and looked left, then moved off the kill. Looking in the same direction, I saw a beautiful lioness with full belly and an angry demeanor approaching her kill. She moved to the eland carcass, and glared with her amber eyes at the vultures that dared remain close. She grabbed the still huge carcass with her sturdy jaws, tucked her huge head in and down, leaned into the weight and began dragging the carcass towards some brush and trees. It was a long way.She stopped a few times to pant and glare at us. We let her go. Suddenly I felt depressed watching the vans follow her, though we agreed in ours to leave her be. I wish there were a way to control this somewhat. Today I wished the lioness a peaceful afternoon, hidden in the brush during the heat of the day.


So this morning we let the others go, and we stayed behind to shower, do laundry, and relax away from the group. Leading a group is exhausting. I need a break once in awhile, even though the group is great. Later we went with 3 Masai young men, Sumare, Kiu, and Siranka, to walk up the little valley out of our camp. We visited different cattle herds and Sumari talked about Masai traditions. In greeting the elders you say "mama (baba), sopa." You extend your hand slowly to take theirs, and you do not shake. The whole morning was very peaceful and relaxing. Just what I needed!"
If you enjoy my journal excerpts, please consider donating to Rose's Wish
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01 September 2014

Excerpts from my Kenya Journals: Return to the Mara

October 3, 1995

Today went smoothly. Kenya Coffee Board Coffee House was open - hooray! Then hit the road. Narok as wild as ever. The drive to the Mara was magical. A stormy sky, rays of sunlight beaming down on the plains. My eyes filled with tears as the plains opened up before us. Something pulled me inside out from the center. I felt an enormous release. Home!
A whole family of Ground Hornbills strutted through the grass. One juvenile begged for food, and then was fed. Giraffe, Topi, Grant's, Impala, Thompson's, Wildebeest, Zebra scattered across the plains. Three jackal pups were lying outside their den as we drove into camp. A wonderful camp with baboons and monkeys in the trees behind our tents. Young Masai men danced at the evening campfire, spoke of their traditions and answered questions. As we prepared for bed a hyena whooped in the little canyon right behind us. I am back.

Ground Hornbill

31 August 2014

1995 Trip Begins - Nairobi Game Park

October 1, 1995

The flight here yesterday was long, but otherwise OK. (from Rome) Empty seats to spread out. All baggage arrived, customs was a breeze, our ride was waiting, our hotel was fine-wow! It seems a good group.
 
The best part of the day was heading out early with Kent, D and S to the city market to buy fruit. It felt so great to be marketing, and so immediately comfortable, even after 7 years. After morning meeting in our room for basics and intros over tropical fruit, we went down to our safari company to settle payments and arrange for Nairobi Game Park.
 
Tomorrow, Nairobi Game Park, then back to town to make preparations for the big safari.

October 2, 1995

 
Nairobi Game Park:
Giraffe                      Waterbuck                             White headed Vulture
Zebra                        Cape Buffalo                         Nubian Vulture
Wildebeest               Cheetahs                                Rupell's Vulture
Hartebeest                Turtles                                   Secretary Bird
Eland                        Warthogs                              Ostrich (m/f)
Thompson's              Mouse                                  Blacksmith's Plover
Impala                      Hammerkop                         Little Bee Eater
Grant's                     Giant Kingfisher                  Yellow-necked Spur Fowl
Night Heron            Striped Kingfisher                Crowned Plover
Tree Duck               ? Kingfisher                          Egyptian Goose
Drogon (?)              Grey Heron                           Cattle Egret
Martial Eagle          Marabou Stork                     Oxpecker
Black-sh. Kite         Goshawk                              Kesterl
Black-bel. Bustard  Weavers                               Sunbirds
African Hopoe        Lilac Breasted Roller          Swift
Long-tale Fiscal Shrike                                      Superb Starling
..............to name a few, and this was a mid-morning hrough the park!
 
Long day. After breakfast we took the group to Uchumi's and City Market for supplies. Everyone loved it. It helped them feel they are in Kenya.  Our guide picked us up at 9:30 and off we went to Nairobi Game Park. They really stretched out the day for us since we brought food. Everyone was thrilled! I love watching people on their first safari. The first giraffe you see, how many photos?
A great day!
 
Later we all went down to visit bookstores and to join Africa Air Rescue.
 
I fell very happy with the people in the group.
 


25 August 2014

Excerpt from my Peace Corps Journal: My New Home

March 2, 1983 7 a.m.
 
 
I am sitting  here in my little hotel room at The New People's (A very cheap hotel in Mombasa from which most of the matatus and buses depart. Also a great place for chai, or for simple but yummy meals.). I will be so glad when this day is over! Can not believe how tense I feel. I hope I have a house waiting for me as promised.
 
March 2 1983 5:45 p.m.

 
 
I am all moved into my house, and it is a big Swahili house! It has a courtyard with a wall around it, a shower out in a little bath house, a kitchen also out back with half walls, electricity, and running water safe to drink-no boiling. It is furnished, with chairs-15 to be exact, plus a small couch and stools. I have a table and two small coffee tables, which means most of my kitchen is set up on boxes. Of course I have the big Swahili bed and no sheets to fit it. I will have to ask where they get their sheets. I also have a big dresser. In the courtyard I have a coconuts and bananas.
 
Everyone here has been incredibly gracious. I was taken to visit several key people in the village. I have had more chai, sodas, and lemonade than any human could possibly be expected to consume in one day!
 
I met the headmaster today. He and I and one other teacher are it. I will teach Biology, Chemistry, Physics and English. We have 25 students, only 5 are girls. This is the first year for our little school so we only have Form I. We have a few books and a chalkboard.
 
M, the headmaster, is Giriama. His sister's family live in a traditional Giriama compound near the school. We visited them today. Lovely!
 
In this village are Muslim women wearing buibuis (black robes), people of "western" dress, and traditional bare-breasted Giriama women. The hospitality from all is wonderful!
 
Right now I think I could sleep for 2 days, but I am asked to dinner at Mr. T's. He is the primary school headmaster. A little boy came by to ask for some bananas, and he brought me a little glass pitcher.The woman who lives next to me just brought me 2 warm chapatis. I could not feel more welcomed! It is hard not to pick at these chapatis, but I know they will stuff me at dinner tonight. I think my whole system just went on overload. I hope I don't fall asleep at dinner.
 
I just realized my 4 boxes of mosquito coils contain 10 coils each. That will last me awhile. Do I ever have a lot to learn!

22 August 2014

From Saiwa Swamp to Eldoret, and Stanley

December 12, 1982
 
 
Spent the weekend in Saiwa Swamp bird and Sitatunga (a semi-aquatic antelope-seriously!) watching. D and I found out it can rain monkeys when we surprised a bans of blue monkeys. They all went flying through the air to reach cover in the underbrush on the downhill side of the trail. D and I stood there in shock!
 
Saturday morning we went to Eldoret. G told P and I to find "Kiwande cha Rivatex" which turned out to be a kanga (printed cloth with a Swahili proverb, commonly worn by women) factory about two miles out of town. We were so mad at her! It took us so long that we missed our ride back and had to hitch.
 
This afternoon we visited the village of Stanley, about 15 minutes from here. They had invited us, and sang songs, danced, showed us their wedding ceremony, and shared their beer drinking ceremony. We drank this homebrew, made from Maize and yeast, out of a communal clay pot through enormously long straws of reed. Luckily it was very difficult to suck the liquid through the length ( a few feet) of the reed straw so you could suck away and pretend you were drinking-the stuff was so vile!
 


20 August 2014

Sunset Over Lake Victoria

February 2, 1983
 
 
sunset, ah...
the reddest sun I have ever seen
dark clouds
thunder
lightening
rain
hard rain
short rain
afterward, calm
 
water in our rain tanks
water for the dry earth
life
 
the wind has started up again
perhaps it means more rain
that would be good for us
my toads are quiet now
earlier they were talking to me


19 August 2014

Peace Corps Site Visits (from my PC journal)

November 18, 1982

We left Nairobi on a bus. No one but Peace Corps trainees since there were twenty of us. The countryside was beautiful. All kinds of houses and huts with tin or thatched roofs. Cattle, goats, and sheep on small farms, along with maize and other vegetables.

We came right up on one of the escarpments of the Great Rift Valley of East Africa! We all caught our breath...the valley is very deep and sweeping and beautiful...the escarpment very steep. A bit like seeing the Grand Canyon for the first time. The plants are amazing...many kinds of cacti, brightly flowering trees. Pine trees.

When we saw Lake Elementeita, we eventually realized why we were seeing pink. Flamingos, huge flocks of them!

Flamingos on Lake Nakuru

We walked around Nakuru a bit, and then back on the bus to Eldoret. K, L and I had prepared ourselves well with a lunch-whole wheat bread, cheddar cheese, California cookies, and soda-mmm! (we were all going off in twos and threes to visit a current PC volunteer for a few days, our first time away from the comfort of the large group) We quickly caught our first matatu to Kapsabet. What an experience! A little Toyota pick-up with a shell on the back and 16-18 people in it somehow or other. I sort of lost track of which arms and legs were mine as I got more and more tangled and gradually lost feeling in my legs. We met a man who spoke English. He is a District Counselor for the Nandi District. He talked of President Kennedy. It seems a lot of Kenyans loved him. He said they also liked Carter, but not Reagan. He said he is afraid he would get shot if he went to the U.S. because everyone there shoots guns. People in Kenya do not much have guns.

When we got to Kapsabet he bought us all a coke, showed us where the choo (toilet) was, and where to catch our next matatu. Another man spoke with us, and he paid our way on the matatu. This matatu was an open-backed Toyota pick-up. We tried to practice our meager Swahili-it was fun, and everyone got a good laugh out of us. Two of the women had babies, and one of the men told us in broken English that this is the custom for their women. They wanted to know what we do if we don't have babies. I guess we join the Peace Corps!

Finally we reached the Aldai school after much jolting and crowding. T met us at the gate. We soon met M, who teaches here and is T's best friend. M's husband, J, also teaches here, and they have a baby born in April. M is very sweet and funny-she laughs a lot. Tonight we are invited to her house for dinner.

M and T took us to Kaptumo market. We stopped and bought chai and mandazi (a bit like a small donut). The tea is made with milk and sugar, and it is better than plain tea (to me anyway).

This morning I am tired. We are just relaxing while T attends to some work. The students are taking exams now, so she does not have to teach.

12 August 2014

Seeing Rose after 7 Years - a journal excerpt

I decided to write excerpts from my journals over all the years in Kenya. Here’s one to start…context…1996, after seven years away, on our way to see Rose...

"It was beautiful and very rural. We stopped along the road to buy pineapples from a woman who was thrilled I had returned to buy her "most sweet pineapples." I agreed, saying I preferred to buy from her because she was so nice, and her fruits the best! (I had never seen her before) We pulled in to Nakuru and found our hotel, a large ambiance free place, but clean and secure…Before too long Rose knocked on our door - ooooh!!! She was more beautiful than ever,

Later we all went to the Waterbuck for tea, then finally took her home to the little “suburb” where she and her family stay. We fell in love with Walter right away. Rose insisted on serving us dinner. She had a housegirl to help. After a bit I went into the kitchen to be with her. There was Rose on a little “kiti moto” (3 legged kitchen stool), directing the girl at some tasks while she (Rose) performed others. Her back was aching, she’d worked all day, and it was already late. The charcoal was very bad - it wouldn’t get hot, and it was 10pm by the time dinner was served. We ate quickly and headed back to our motel. Rose and Walter insisted we move into their house the next day, and we agreed.”
 
"Kent, R and I all headed off Friday morning to explore Nakuru Park on our own. What a glorious day! It was very peaceful, not many others in the park. We took it slow and easy. Watched three white rhinos, two males and one female. The males were vying for her companionship, lots of snorting, charging, bluffing. Our little Suzuki suddenly felt quite insignificant.

My First Safari: Nairobi National Park (from my Peace Corps journal)

December 31, 1982: Nairobi, Kenya

Started the day by calling home! I only spoke with Phil (my brother) to give him the info to call me in the morning, but it sure was a thrill! My family, do I ever miss them!!! ...It is absolutely amazing that I can talk with my family from half way around the world. Right after talking to Phil, our van left for Nairobi Game Park. What an incredible day!

We saw Thompson's and Grant's gazelles, hartebeests, impala, waterbucks, buffalo, giraffe, cheetahs!!! Warthogs, dassies, crocs, a hippo, secretary birds, ostrich, white-backed vultures, bee eaters, pied kingfisher, guinea fowl, black-shouldered kite, red-collared widowbird, Hildebrandt's starling, vervets, baboons...

Dassie, or Rock Hyrax. It's closest living relative is the elephant! (my very own photo)

When we came around a corner and saw 3 cheetah at a waterhole next to the road, we were crazy and hopped out of the van to take pictures. (don't know what our guide was thinking!!!) As we were snapping pictures, we suddenly heard a growl right behind us, and we scrambled frantically into the van just as 2 more cheetah walk out of the brush right where we we'd been standing. (I have yet to see that many cheetah in one place again) As we drove up we saw the antelope they had been eating right behind where we had stood. THIS IS AFRICA! We were more cautious after that. In a tree right next to us were about 30 huge white-backed vultures waiting for their turn, and thirty or so more circled over head.

At another waterhole we found Grant's gazelles, hartebeests, and impala all together. Suddenly the impala started running around and kicking up their heels, apparently just for the joy of it. I can not begin to describe the grace, the music with which they moved.

Later we saw a herd of antelope with a whole troop of warthogs, adults and little ones. D. and I opened the van door and stood in it. The male warthog nearest us did not like this at all, and he started snorting and dancing around. That was enough warning for us!

We stopped and got out at a lookout point (where walking was allowed), and turned to see two baboons standing near the edge, checking us out. We went over to watch them as they were leaving, and sure enough, the whole troop was hanging out in the trees and brush. One female walked by with her little one riding on her back. They were very curious and not very afraid at all.

We stopped at a nature trail along the river to search for crocs and hippos. We'd barely started down the trail when T. and I saw a vervet with her baby clinging to her chest, walking towards us. We both motioned for silence, hoping not to scare her. But she kept coming, walked right up to T. and looked as if she would go right up T.'s legs to get her orange. A second of this was more than T. could bare and she threw her orange at the monkey and ran.  A few other monkeys quickly surrounded us, and shortly every person with an orange offered it up in hopes of escape, which we did manage. (OK, we were mostly in our very early twenties, and as stupid as you can be at that age.) Needless to say, our many experiences of the day had finally convinced us we were in Africa and not Disneyland. The trail wound along the riverbank, and there were hippo tracks in the trail. This made us a bit nervous. Sure enough, soon we had spotted a huge croc on the other bank, for which we were thankful. Just past him we came upon a hippo snoozing in the water. She came up for air with a snort that sent us all into the air! We were very happy to return to the safety of our "cage."

Three giraffe walked right up to the road to greet us. I kept thinking of Mom as I snapped countless pictures. We finally got close enough and one turned and loped off a short distance. What a sight! So huge, but so incredibly graceful. He seemed to move in slow motion, but the distance he covered in just a breath was amazing.

At one point as we walked on the nature trail, we turned around with the feeling we were being watched. We were being watched from all sides by various creatures. Some, like the croc, may have considered the amount of effort involved in making a meal of one of us. Here, we are the ones kept in cages, and observed, quite an unnerving sensation.

Some of the most incredible sights of the day had the Nairobi skyline in the background. Talk of contrasts! Ten minutes out of the park found us in traffic in downtown traffic. Is it possible the past several hours were actually reality? What is reality here? I have so much to learn!

For me the most spectacular sight of the day was driving around a corner to find a huge secretary bird standing right in the road. It was so big, and so purposeful as it strode through the long grass looking for snakes, crest feathers raised and spread. We later spotted two more off in the distance, and stopped just to watch them hunt. This is a place where death is a daily necessity. It is easy to see life as a cycle here. There is a different perspective here of life's purpose, and we people are included in this if we only emerge from our cages for a moment! I know it is deadly to emerge from the van, but the feeling of belonging to the reality of the savannah is hypnotic...my dearest childhood dream at last realized...

I feel I must add a caveat: I have since lived and worked in Kenya over many years, leading many trips. I would never let any of my people behave as we did. It is a bit embarrassing to share my first safari with you all. I will say that most people feel a bit as if they are in Disneyland on that old river trip. You are so amazed that you feel no fear and do not realize that even an arm outside the van can suddenly catch the attention of a lion. The first experience is amazing, but hopefully you are with a guide who will help you learn appropriate behavior, both on safari and in cultural situations.